Tam Giao Temple – Nhi Thanh Grotto, one of the eight beauty spots in Lang Son
Tam Giao (i.e. Three traditional religions,
including Taoism, Buddhism and Confucianism) Temple, also known as Tam
Giao Pagoda together with Nhi Thanh Grotto is one of the eight beauty
spots in Lang Son. According to the documents left, this temple was
established by Ngo Thi Si - the commander administering Lang Son in
order to worship all three special ones: Khong Tu (Confucius) of
Taoism, Phat Thich Ca (Sakyamuni) of Buddhism, and Lao Tu (Lao-tzu) of
Confucianism.
The portrait of Ngo Thi Si carved on the stone, one of the highly valuable works (Photo: ttvnol)
In
May 1779, Ngo Thi Si hired masons to embellish the grotto area. The
left grotto is high and has better ground position; hence, Tam Giao
Temple was built on this ground. The grotto Nhi Thanh under the pagoda
is a natural rocky cave with the length of more than 500 metres from
the front gate to the back gate and a great deal of spectacular natural
scenery. To the left of the grotto, a dragon was carved; above to right
side of the grotto, a tiger was engraved. This arrangement was affected
by the thought of Confucianism "the green dragon on the left and the
white tiger on the right", which is correlative to the constellations
at the east and west. At the opposite of the grotto, Ngo Thi Si let
people carve his statue onto the stone; this statue later is highly
evaluated as one of the works containing precious value in fine arts at
that time. In side this relic area, there are 20 epitaphs that have
been carved directly on the stone left; those epitaphs recorded many
valuable materials and were also the autograph books of the
contemporary famous scholars.
The altars are arranged in various styles (Photo: ttvnol)
Annually,
on the 15th to 17th days of the first Lunar month, the residents living
around this region are eager to go on a pilgrimage to this temple to
commemorate Ngo Thi Si, a cultural famous person who had merits in
establishing and developing Lang Son Township.