The production of pottery is one of
Vietnam’s long-standing traditional sectors. It results from working
and manufacturing process of people. Pottery products are the
combination of the five basic elements and the feeling og artisans
since their birth, pottery products have become familiar things in our
daily life. Besides, they are also seen as a particular sector through
which artisans show their conception of the plastic arts delicately.
With such above characteristics, Vietnamese pottery has expressed not
only its simpliticity but splendor, the splendor of land’s soul and
people’s emotion. This attracts a lot of domestic and foreign
collectors, rescarcher from the past to date.
Saying about Vietnamese pottery, we can’t help remembering Bat Trang
one because Bat Trang is one of centers of producing pottery which
appeared first since the independence of the country.
Situated on the left bank of the Red River, about 10km away from the
center of Hanoi is the pottery village of Bát Tràng, belonging to Gia
Lâm district (a suburb of Hanoi City).
Bát Tràng village, the most ancient and famous pottery village of
Vietnam, continues to work today and is constantly developing. It is
said that, the village took its first name from Bạch Thổ guild (a guild
of Kaolin potters) and then it became Bát Tràng guild (a guild of bowls
and kilns).
According to the legend, pottery production began in Bát Tràng in the
Lý Dynasty. Previous to this the villagers remember that their native
village was in Bồ Bát (or Bạch Bát), in Yên Mỗ district, Ninh Bình
province. What happened was that some people from Bồ Bát village took a
boat trip on the Red River to trade. When they arrived at the nearby
capital of Thăng Long, they found some waste but fertile land and
stayed there for a night. That night, one of them had a dream of being
invited by Neptune to visit the water palace. Understanding the poor
circumstances of the man, Neptune sent some workers to build him a
splendid house of clay. Long afterwards, also in his dream, his
children used to eat the clay, but the wall never collapsed. This man
told his dream to the group, who considering it to be a good omen,
decided to settle on this land and establish a new village.
Although this legend is not convincing evidence for the date of
establishment of Bát Tràng village, some archeological data shows that
many of the Lý Dynasty’s relics are decorated with blue enamel pottery.
A more reliable document is the "Dư Địa Chí" of Nguyễn Trãi, a great
politician, strategist, diplomat and poet, compiled in early Lê
Dynasty, which stated that in each tribute to the Chinese Dynasty, Bát
Tràng had to provide 70 sets of dishes and bowls, which indicates that
by that time, the Bát Tràng pottery was quite sophisticated. Nowadays
many temples and pagodas still preserve lamps and incense burners, with
dragons and phoenix, clouds and flowers decorated in blue, with the
name, address and date of production in Bát Tràng in the 16th century.
There are also other foreign documents giving information about Bát
Tràng pottery in the 16th to 17th centuries, for example Ancient Asian
Pottery by Pujio Koiama.
Anyway all information considered, we can estimate that Bát Tràng
village existed, as a suburb of Thăng Long capital, as a handicraft
village some 500 years ago.